한국어 공책

Lesson 15: 도, 만
* 만 means only. It can attach to nouns (커피만), noun-case particle (월요일에만) and adverbs (빨간만)
* 도 means too (also, or neither when used with negation) and can be used with nouns, noun-case particles and adverbs and lists. Can also mean "even" (일요일에도 공부해요)

Not much new here. I passively understand the usage. I rarely use these particles myself. Maybe I will in the future.

Lesson 16: (이)나, 부터, 까지
* (이)나 is used with nouns
* Can be used to mean something like that (집에서 TV나 볼 거예요), or (커피나 녹차 주세요), as many as (네 시간이나 운전했어요), about (이 옷은 얼마나 줬어요?)
* Also used with some question words to generalize them. (어디나, 누구나, 무엇이나)
* 부터/까지 are used to indicate starting or ending places
* 부터/까지 are used together to indicate starting and ending times (오전 11시부터 2시까지)
* 에서/까지 are used together to indicate starting and ending places (서울에서 DC까지)
* 까지 can be used with other non-place, non-time nouns and means "including (even)"

Again, this lesson was pretty much review.

Lesson 17: Past Tense
* 었/았/엤 are used as past tense and can also mean an action was completed (집에 왔어요=I came home OR I am home (because the speaker completed the action of coming home)
* 었었/았었/엤었 is the double past tense and is used to indicate an action is no longer relevant and has been entirely completed (집에 왔었어요=I came home OR I was home at that time (but am not now))

I had completely forgotten the double past tense existed. I know I learned this through my Sogang books...

Lesson 18: 안/못 Negation
* 안 verb is "do not"
* 못 verb is "can not"
* Adjectives always need 안 (you can't "can not" an adjective)
* -지 않아다/ -지 못 하다 are long forms, usually written and/or formal
* Some adjectives can be used with -지 못 하다 form

* -지 말다 is used as the imperative (command) and propositive (suggestion) form (note change to 마십시오 and 맙시다 when used at that speech level)

Yep, got it. I don't know if I ever realized why "can not" adjective doesn't make sense, but it doesn't. I think I like this book so much because it's crystallizing and clarifying what I already know.

Lesson 19: Irregular Verbs

I completely skipped this chapter. I've taken the "just learn them as you go" method for learning irregular verbs. Korean irregular verbs still feel more regular than English irregular verbs. (No German strong verbs like swim-swam-swum.)