한국어 공책

Lesson 20: 고싶다, 고 있다
* verb-고싶다 expresses a wish or desire and can only be used by the first person to talk about self or question someone directly
* -고 싶어하다 is third person
- -이/가 되고 싶다 is used with copula form (교사가 되고 싶어요)

* -고 있다 is the progressive form
* -고 계시다 is the progressive form used to show respect for the subject (교수님이 전화를 하고 계세요)
* Can be negated using the long or short form (안 -고 있다, -고 있지 않다

I don't know that I could have specified first, second, third person for the wish form, but I've understood for a long time.

Lesson 21: -(으)ㄹ 거예요/-(으)ㄹ까요
* -(으)ㄹ 거예요 is used for probable future events (내일 갈 거예요)
* Can also be used to express first person's will
* If the subject isn't the first person, it's the speaker's guess (내일 눈이 올 거예요)
* Copula becomes -일 거예요 and is used to indicate probable present

* Certain future events require a time adverb and present tense (내일 가요)

* -(으)ㄹ 까요 is used to indicate a wondering mindset or asking someone their opinion
* The speaker is part of the subject (저녁은 뭘 만들까요?)
* If the subject is third person, the form is finding out the listener's opinion (기수가 집에 있을까요?)
* 았/었/엤을까요 can be used for past tense
* -(으)ㄹ까 하다 means thinking of doing (저도 한국에 갈까 해요)

I'm not going to memorize this chapter, but it did help clarify things. Also, I suspect that Koreans use this tense a lot. I suspect it's part of face-saving and not talking harshly to people who are higher than you.

Knowing the "thinking of doing" form is really helpful.

Lesson 22: Prenouns
* Prenouns are nouns and don't change (this makes them different than adjectives)
* They define the quality of status (옛, 새, 헌, 맨, 딴, 순)
* Numbers
* Demonstratives (이, 그, 저)
* Question prenouns (어느, 무슨)

Alright, so I never knew the term "prenoun" and I'm pretty sure I don't need to know it now.

Lesson 23: Adverbs and Adverbials
* Adverbs and adverbials can modify a whole sentence, a conjunction, or a component
* In Korean, adverbs go time→deg→manner
* Adverbials take on -게. 쉽게, 크게

Not too many thoughts on this chapter.