한국어 공책

4월10일
성균관 스캔들 (#16-17): 2시
Basic TOPIK: 20분
세상 밖으로 나오다: 15분

4월11일
성균관 스캔들 (#18): 1시
WordChamp: 10분

4월12일
성균관 스캔들 (#19): 1시
WordChamp: 10분
세상 밖으로 나오다: 15분

4월13일
성균관 스캔들 (#20): 1시
WordChamp: 10분
세상 밖으로 나오다: 20분

4월14일
Complete Guide to the TOPIK Basic Test 1: 3시

문법 80
쓰기 (문장 없다) 56
듣기 87
읽이 85

WordChamp: 5분

4월15일:
개인의 취향 (#1): 1시
WordChamp: 5분
Complete Guide to the TOPIK Basic (writing practice): 10분

올해 총 합계: 108시40분

3월21일
성균관 스캔들 (#4): 1시
세상 밖으로 나오다: 15분
WordChamp: 5분

3월22일
성균관 스캔들 (#4): 1시

3월23일
성균관 스캔들 (#5): 1시
Intermediate Korean (grammar): 40분

3월24일
성균관 스캔들 (#6-7): 2시

3월25일
성균관 스캔들 (#8): 1시

3월26일
성균관 스캔들 (#9): 1시

3월27일
성균관 스캔들 (#10): 1시

올해 총 합계: 91시45분

3월14일
WordChamp: 5분

3월16일
Intermediate Korean (grammar): 10분

3월17일
성균관 스캔들 (#1): 1시
WordChamp: 5분

3월18일:
WordChamp: 10분

올해 총 합계: 79시05분

2월13일:
TOPIK 21회 B형 연습했다: 2시30분
시스터한테 이메일을 보냈다: 5분
시스터한테 이메일을 보냈다: 5분

문법 77
쓰기 (문장 없다) 54
듣기 81
읽이 79

2월14일:
아느 날 내가 죽었습니다: 20분
내조의 여왕 (#13): 1시

2월15일:
Intermediate Korean (Grammar): 10분

2월16:
내조의 여왕 (#14): 1시
아느 날 내가 죽었습니다: 20분
Intermediate Korean (Grammar): 10분
세상 밖으로 나오다: 30분

2월17:
내조의 여왕 (#15): 1시
세상 밖으로 나오다: 30분

올해 총 합계: 64시

시스터전에

다음을 읽고 150-300 자로 글을 쓰십시오. (30 점)
여러분은 올해 무엇을 하고 싶습니까? 왜 그것을 하고 싶습니까? 2011년에 하고 싶은 대해 쓰십시오.

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2011년에 한국어를 공부하고 싶다. 2011년 동안 오백 시간이 공부를 하겠다. 하루에 한국어 티비를 보고 한국어 책을 읽는다. 그리고 일요일에 내 시누이한테 이메일을 보낼 것이다.

8월에 한국에서 여행한다. 시댁 집에서 있는데. 시어머니 영어를 잘 모르니까 우리는 서로 한국어를 말해 야한다. 또 제주도으로 경구하고 싶다.

2006 년부터 2008까지 광명시에서 살았었다. 태권도를 연습하고 관장님과 친구가 됬다. 관장님을 다시 만난다. 관장님은 소주를 많이 마시는 것을 좋아해서 우리는 같이 마실 것이다. 나도 소주를 많이 마시면 택시를 탈 것이다.

2011년에 내 마음이 기쁘다!
::

시스터후에

다음을 읽고 150-300 자로 글을 쓰십시오. (30 점)
여러분은 올해 무엇을 하고 싶습니까? 왜 그것을 하고 싶습니까? 2011년에 하고 싶은 대해 쓰십시오.

::
한국어를 공부하고 싶다. 2011년 동안 오백 시간을 공부하겠다. 하루에 한국어 티비를 보고 한국어 책을 읽겠다. 그리고 일요일에 내 시누이한테 이메일을 보낼 것이다.

8월에 한국에서 여행한다. 시댁 집에서 있는데, 시어머니는 영어를 잘 모르니까 우리는 서로 한국어를 말 해야 한다. 또 제주도를 구경하고 싶다.

2006 년부터 2008까지 광명시에서 살았었다. 태권도를 연습하고 관장님과 친구가 됬다. 관장님을 다시 만난다. 관장님은 소주를 많이 마시는 것을 좋아해서 우리는 같이 마실 것이다. 나도 소주를 많이 마시면 택시를 탈 것이다.

2011년에 내 마음이 기쁘다!
::

2월1일:
TOPIK 18회 A 연습했다: 1시
문법 87
쓰기 (문장 안 썼다) 42
읽이 81

2월2일:
아느날 내가 죽었습니다: 1시

2월03일:
아느날 내가 죽었습니다: 15분
시부모, 시스터와 Skype: 10분

2월4일:
Korean Grammar (Intermediate): 15분

2월5일:
내조의 여왕 (#5-6): 2시
Korean Grammar (Intermediate): 20분

올해 총 합계: 47시35분

Lesson 20: 고싶다, 고 있다
* verb-고싶다 expresses a wish or desire and can only be used by the first person to talk about self or question someone directly
* -고 싶어하다 is third person
- -이/가 되고 싶다 is used with copula form (교사가 되고 싶어요)

* -고 있다 is the progressive form
* -고 계시다 is the progressive form used to show respect for the subject (교수님이 전화를 하고 계세요)
* Can be negated using the long or short form (안 -고 있다, -고 있지 않다

I don't know that I could have specified first, second, third person for the wish form, but I've understood for a long time.

Lesson 21: -(으)ㄹ 거예요/-(으)ㄹ까요
* -(으)ㄹ 거예요 is used for probable future events (내일 갈 거예요)
* Can also be used to express first person's will
* If the subject isn't the first person, it's the speaker's guess (내일 눈이 올 거예요)
* Copula becomes -일 거예요 and is used to indicate probable present

* Certain future events require a time adverb and present tense (내일 가요)

* -(으)ㄹ 까요 is used to indicate a wondering mindset or asking someone their opinion
* The speaker is part of the subject (저녁은 뭘 만들까요?)
* If the subject is third person, the form is finding out the listener's opinion (기수가 집에 있을까요?)
* 았/었/엤을까요 can be used for past tense
* -(으)ㄹ까 하다 means thinking of doing (저도 한국에 갈까 해요)

I'm not going to memorize this chapter, but it did help clarify things. Also, I suspect that Koreans use this tense a lot. I suspect it's part of face-saving and not talking harshly to people who are higher than you.

Knowing the "thinking of doing" form is really helpful.

Lesson 22: Prenouns
* Prenouns are nouns and don't change (this makes them different than adjectives)
* They define the quality of status (옛, 새, 헌, 맨, 딴, 순)
* Numbers
* Demonstratives (이, 그, 저)
* Question prenouns (어느, 무슨)

Alright, so I never knew the term "prenoun" and I'm pretty sure I don't need to know it now.

Lesson 23: Adverbs and Adverbials
* Adverbs and adverbials can modify a whole sentence, a conjunction, or a component
* In Korean, adverbs go time→deg→manner
* Adverbials take on -게. 쉽게, 크게

Not too many thoughts on this chapter.

Lesson 15: 도, 만
* 만 means only. It can attach to nouns (커피만), noun-case particle (월요일에만) and adverbs (빨간만)
* 도 means too (also, or neither when used with negation) and can be used with nouns, noun-case particles and adverbs and lists. Can also mean "even" (일요일에도 공부해요)

Not much new here. I passively understand the usage. I rarely use these particles myself. Maybe I will in the future.

Lesson 16: (이)나, 부터, 까지
* (이)나 is used with nouns
* Can be used to mean something like that (집에서 TV나 볼 거예요), or (커피나 녹차 주세요), as many as (네 시간이나 운전했어요), about (이 옷은 얼마나 줬어요?)
* Also used with some question words to generalize them. (어디나, 누구나, 무엇이나)
* 부터/까지 are used to indicate starting or ending places
* 부터/까지 are used together to indicate starting and ending times (오전 11시부터 2시까지)
* 에서/까지 are used together to indicate starting and ending places (서울에서 DC까지)
* 까지 can be used with other non-place, non-time nouns and means "including (even)"

Again, this lesson was pretty much review.

Lesson 17: Past Tense
* 었/았/엤 are used as past tense and can also mean an action was completed (집에 왔어요=I came home OR I am home (because the speaker completed the action of coming home)
* 었었/았었/엤었 is the double past tense and is used to indicate an action is no longer relevant and has been entirely completed (집에 왔었어요=I came home OR I was home at that time (but am not now))

I had completely forgotten the double past tense existed. I know I learned this through my Sogang books...

Lesson 18: 안/못 Negation
* 안 verb is "do not"
* 못 verb is "can not"
* Adjectives always need 안 (you can't "can not" an adjective)
* -지 않아다/ -지 못 하다 are long forms, usually written and/or formal
* Some adjectives can be used with -지 못 하다 form

* -지 말다 is used as the imperative (command) and propositive (suggestion) form (note change to 마십시오 and 맙시다 when used at that speech level)

Yep, got it. I don't know if I ever realized why "can not" adjective doesn't make sense, but it doesn't. I think I like this book so much because it's crystallizing and clarifying what I already know.

Lesson 19: Irregular Verbs

I completely skipped this chapter. I've taken the "just learn them as you go" method for learning irregular verbs. Korean irregular verbs still feel more regular than English irregular verbs. (No German strong verbs like swim-swam-swum.)

Lesson 13: 의, 에, 와/과, (이)랑/하고
* 의 possession, and usually with a bound noun (그 책은 민수의 것이에요)
* 에 used with static locations (where the action does not take place), inanimate things, goal of the actions, times, quantity

* 와/과 links nouns (and) and is usually more formal or written
* (이)랑 is informal, colloquial
* 하고 is sort of mid-level of formality

Not much new in this chapter, although I loved the description of what a static location is.

Lesson 14: 에서, 에게/한테/께, 에게서, 한테서
* 에서 is used with dynamic locations (where the action takes place), the source of the action (starting location), inanimate things

* 한테/에게/께 all mean "to" and they are used with the animate, indirect object of a sentence
* 한테/에거/께 are colloquial, more formal (written), and honorific
* 한테서, 에게서 used for "from" with an animate source. As above, the former is colloquial and the latter more formal

Finally, finally, finally I understand the difference between 에 and 에서. I always got the starting point 에서 usage, but it was the static (not where action takes place) vs dynamic (where action takes place) thing that was never made clear to me. That right there made this book worth the price. Finally!

1월18일
Basic Korean (grammar): 30분

1월19일
Basic Korean (grammar): 30분

1월20일
커피 프린스: 1시
Basic Korean (grammar): 30분

1월21일
WordChamp: 15분
시부모와 Skype: 15분

올해 총 합계: 25시30분

Last night I was reviewing the (으)ㄹ거예요 grammar pattern. I muttered to myself, "So it's not certain future, it's probable future. Then why do Koreans use it so much? Maybe it's part of face-saving..."

Good Man looked at me. "Isn't it the nature of the future? That it is unpredictable? I don't want to be philosophical, but..."

When I first started studying Korean, I really focused on getting the grammar down.

I hate grammar.

I always scored excellent marks in English in school but I didn't know what a verb was until tenth grade when I started Spanish class. (See the note below, dear reader.)

I didn't care about the parts of speech. I knew what sounded right because I read a lot. And while I still make occasional errors, I contend that I learned more about grammar from reading and writing than from formal education.

I don't know why I didn't take this self-awareness of my own learning style with me when I went to learn Korean, but I was set on learning Korean grammar!

Except...I still hated grammar. And that early in my language studies, all I could focus on was how it didn't make sense and why wasn't it like English and, and, and—

I'm reading my Basic Korean grammar book and taking notes, but not doing any of the exercises. Much of it just makes sense now. I get it. Of course you would put the past tense for one conjugation here and the past tense for another conjugation over there. That just How It Is. Naturally.

However, this book—like my high-school Spanish—is clarifying things for me. "Ahhh, so that's when you use 에서 instead of 에."

Last night I got to the chapter on prenouns. I read the first paragraph and said, "OK, so it's like an adjective." A few paragraphs later I read "prenouns differ from adjectives."

I shut the book and looked at Good Man. "I'm not dealing with prenouns at 11:30 at night."

"What's a prenoun?"

I know the names and rules of particular things in Korean. Good Man knows how they feel. I know the feeling of English, whereas Good Man knows the names and rules. Maybe some grammar study is a good thing when learning a foreign language.

(Horrified readers, an explanation: Teachers always said "a verb is an action, like run or sleep or sit." I understood that running was an action. But sleeping and sitting didn't seem like actions to me. When you're running, or eating, or drinking, you're actually moving your body. When you've seated yourself in a chair...what's the action?

Furthermore, words could be both nouns and verbs—film, for example—but teachers could never explain how to tell when it was what.

In tenth grade Spanish Mrs. Sjostrom taught us that Spanish verbs usually ended in -ar, -er, and -ir and she translated "hablar" as "to speak."

Wait! You mean verbs in their basic form include to? "To speak." "To film." If any teacher had ever told me to think of verbs as to ~ and nouns as a, an, the I would've understood immediately.)

(Cross posted.)